INGREDIENTS
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8 tablespoons (1 stick) unsalted butter, divided
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7 large yellow onions (5 to 5 1/2 pounds total), halved and cut into 1/4-inch-thick slices
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4 large shallots (about 8 ounces), peeled and cut into small dice
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4 teaspoons kosher salt, divided
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1 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper, divided
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6 cloves garlic, minced
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5 stalks celery (about 12 ounces), including leaves, cut into small dice
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5 carrots (about 8 ounces), peeled and cut into small dice
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6 cups cremini and/or button mushrooms (about 1 1/2 pounds), sliced thinly
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1/4 cup all-purpose flour
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1 cup dry Riesling wine
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6 to 8 fresh sage leaves, minced, or 2 teaspoons dried sage
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1 (15-ounce) can white beans and their liquid (optional)
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1 large baguette (about 1 pound), cut crosswise into 24 slices
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12 ounces Gruyere, Comté, or
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4 tablespoons unsalted butter